Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 essay collection by Russian anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin.
It is an argument against the competition-centred theories of so-called social Darwinism, as well as the romantic depictions of coo.
The essays, initially published in the English periodical The Nineteenth Century between 1890 and 1896, explore the role of mutually-beneficial cooperation and reciprocity (or "Mutual aid") in the animal kingdom and human societies both past and present.
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 essay collection by Russian anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin