ADHD in Adults. Interference with Personality Disorders - Laura Aelenei

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• Categoria: Carti erse
• Magazin: grupdzc.ro
• Ultima actualizare: 20-12-2024 01:34:29

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This paper refers to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults ADHD addressing the relationship between it and personality disorders. ADHD considered until recent years a childhood disorder after the new classification of mental illness -DSM-5 is more common in adults.The issue discussed is extensively researched in the literature recently being a topic of interest taking into account the fact that if in many diagnostic groups DSM-5 kept the previous vision the ADHD disorder changes led to some notable differences. It is now clear that the symptoms of ADHD are seen as a relatively constant component throughout the life of the inidual with possible attenuations with age but with the persistence of a proportion of manifestations in adults which could be unnoticed until now. This vision is very close to the classic descriptions of personality hence the possibility of a comparison between the two pathologies. The new perspective in ICD 11 also follows the DSM-5 trend in adult ADHD. Thus it is much clearer the possibility of diagnosing this pathology in the adult population and the need for increased attention to identify the specific features of this pathology 1 2 3 4 .The aim of the paper is to approach the evolution of ADHD diagnosis in adulthood in relation to personality disorders starting from DSM-IV to DSM-5. It is assumed that some patients diagnosed with a personality disorder may be reevaluated as having ADHD.The objective is achieved by answering two problems A. How the proportion of ADHD patients in the patient group with a personality disorder changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5.The question that might be asked is the diagnostic difference between DSM-IV and DSM-5 significant B. What aspects are relevant in differentiating the ADHD and nonADHD population and what factors are correlated with the severity of the symptoms.There are several dimensions to this link between ADHD and personality disorders. The question of a relationship between ADHD and the further development of a personality disorder was discussed discussing the extent to which symptoms can be considered as attention deficit impulsivity and hyperactivity as a precursor to the symptoms encountered in adult personality disorders. It appears that iniduals with ADHD in childhood have an increased risk of developing adult disorders including personality disorders. It was observed that important factors such as the family environment from childhood and perinatal events have a role in shaping personality traits. Other approaches concern the relationship between the two disorders strictly transversally following the similarities and differences.Regarding the diagnosis of ADHD the DSM-5 classification has brought important changes. The number of criteria required for diagnosis has been reduced the age of onset of symptoms has changed leading to a facilitation of the diagnosis and therefore an increase in the diagnosis of ADHD in the adult population 1 .Regarding personality disorders the differences were not radical in the sense that the previous vision on these disorders was preserved but an alternative variant of diagnosis also appeared. It is more descriptive and approaches each type of personality in a way rather close to Cloninger s old descriptions that discussed the dimensions of temperament and character. About 10 of the general population can be diagnosed with a personality disorder. This diagnosis involves several persistent features with an important impact on the lives of iniduals on the interpretation of events and can affect the relationship with others relationships with others.This paper consists of a first part general theoretical and a second part original research. The general part of the paper mentions theoretical aspects related to ADHD in adults. Initially considerations are presented on the epidemiology etiology of the disease then addressing in detail the issues of diagnosis aspects related to differential diagnosis therapeutic approach evolution and prognosis.In the chapter on the diagnostic method we start from the presentation of t